Guiding Principles: Avoiding Retraumatization While Helping

 How to avoid retraumatizing people while implementing the M.A.S.H. approach:

Guiding Principles: Avoiding Retraumatization While Helping

Homelessness often stems from layers of trauma—abuse, neglect, systemic failures, and societal stigma. When addressing this crisis, it’s critical to approach individuals with care and respect, avoiding any actions that could retraumatize them. The following principles are key to implementing a M.A.S.H. model that heals rather than harms:

1. Build Trust Through Compassionate Communication

Approach people with kindness, not authority. Listen first and understand their needs without judgment.

Avoid any language or behavior that feels coercive or punitive.

2. Prioritize Trauma-Informed Care

Train all team members in trauma-informed practices to recognize signs of distress and respond appropriately.

Create a safe, welcoming environment where individuals feel seen and respected.

3. Replace Uniformed Presence with Peer Support

Instead of uniforms or a military-style presence, teams should include peer support workers who have lived experience of homelessness or addiction.

This fosters connection and breaks down barriers of mistrust.

4. Offer Choices, Not Commands

Allow individuals to choose how they engage with services. For example, instead of forcing someone into a shelter, offer multiple options that align with their comfort level.

Respect personal autonomy and emphasize collaboration in decision-making.

5. Acknowledge the Emotional Toll of the System

Understand that many people experiencing homelessness have been repeatedly hurt—by abusive relationships, unsupportive families, and the failings of government systems.

Acknowledge their resilience and treat them with the dignity they deserve.

6. Respect Privacy and Personal Space

Avoid invading personal spaces in encampments unless invited.

Conduct conversations in a way that respects individuals’ privacy, ensuring they don’t feel scrutinized or dehumanized.

7. Tailor Responses to Addiction and Mental Health Needs

Include addiction specialists and mental health counselors as core members of the M.A.S.H. team.

Provide harm-reduction resources such as safe-use supplies and access to treatment when the individual is ready.

8. Avoid Forced Relocations Without Support

Never dismantle encampments or move individuals without first offering immediate, better alternatives such as temporary or permanent housing.

Ensure that individuals can bring their belongings and maintain connections to their support networks.

9. Cultural Sensitivity is Critical

Provide culturally competent care, especially for Indigenous and marginalized populations disproportionately affected by homelessness.

Engage local Indigenous leaders and communities in planning and delivering services.

10. Focus on Healing, Not Control

The goal is not to “fix” people but to create an environment where they can stabilize, heal, and reclaim their lives.